People’s Trust to the Government an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

People’s Trust to the Government The government has its own roles and obligations to the society and to its own people. Every decision of the government is vital to the decisions or point of view of its people or to the public. There are many causes for the public not to trust the government and these are more likely due to what the public perceives in the news, papers, etc. Some are true but some are also half truth and worst some are lies just to make good public impressions. Although some causes for the public not to trust government, there are also some which causes the public to trust the government. With the recent headlines which are influential to the people and to almost everyone publics are baffled or confused whether they would trust the government or not. Need essay sample on "Peoples Trust to the Government" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Some trust the government because for them the government can answer many of their problems. Others trust their government because they know their government can provide things such as a postal system, highways, police protection, etc. The governments like the U.S. government have been established for the purpose of doing for its people what its people cannot do for themselves. For others they trust the government because they can be provided with Social Security, Medicare and the likes. Others trust the government because they can see how life span of its people is being elevated and a better living is being achieved due to advance researches funded by the government. Others trust the government because they believe that the government is providing the best plans and policies for the country. Most people who trust the government believes that their leaders believes in nation building and are working for the betterment of their country. They say that you cannot please everyone; some may also believe the opposite. Most people who do not trust the government believes that the country is hopeless due to its leaders and the nation cannot be revived without the leaders being replaced with good ones who are nationalistic and will serve the country wholeheartedly. They say that while the bureaucracy alone cannot restore the nations faith, civil servants attitudes, performance and efficiency do have a substantial effect on the public trust (Friel faith healers). Today there are many people who do not trust the government due to the bad decisions which were made and are being made by its government; one of this for example is the deployment of U.S. soldiers and its allies to other countries such as Iraq to aide its military needs which some believes isnt a wise decision. Others also believe that the government is destroying civil liberties like through wire tapping and the likes which make the government untrustworthy. Some believes that the government is placing harsh restrictions on the information available for the public and the press which restrict public freedom. These are some of the reasons and causes why the public dont trust the government. According to people press, distrust to the government is not only about the works of the government per se but more generally, significant part of this distrust reflects how people feel about the nation. The discontentment to the state of the nation is both a cause and an effect of distrust of government and both sentiments are expressions of a broader disillusionment to the country as a whole, which is not apparent in people's lives, nor an evident at the state and local levels of government (How Americans...). Works Cited Faith Healers. 30 August 1999. Government Executive. How Americans View Government. 01 March 1998. The Pew Research Center

Michigan Social Security Disability Process Infographic

Michigan Social Security Disability Process Infographic Learn Tips to Improve Your Chances of SSD Approval in Our New Infographic When you are diagnosed with a disability, your entire life changes. You struggle with the stress of adapting to your condition, and you may worry about how you can afford medical treatment and provide for yourself and your family when you likely will no longer be able to work.Fortunately, the Social Security Administration (SSA) provides Social Security Disability Benefits to disabled Americans who meet the SSA’s definition of disability, and are unable to work for at least a year.However, navigating through the process of applying for SSD benefits can be equally confusing, upsetting and frustrating. The process can prove to be drawn-out and rife with delays. Being disabled, you are already facing an incredibly difficult time and you need access to benefits as quickly as possible.You can’t afford constant delays and being forced to start the process all over again.Is there a better way to navigate through the process?The experienced Social Security Disability Lawyers at Disability Attorneys of Michigan have created an engaging infographic named â€Å"Denials, Appeals, and the Complex Path to Securing Benefits.†This colorful infographic walks you through the journey of applying for SSD benefits, helping you navigate through the process like a pro. In this infographic, you will learn: The 3 Main Steps of Applying for Social Security Disability What Not to Do When Applying for SSD The Deadlines and Approval Percentages for Each Step The Secret to Improving Your Chances of ApprovalnullnullOur mission is to help Michigan’s disabled residents receive the benefits they deserve, so that they can move forward with their lives. We understand the process, and have learned first-hand through working with clients the common mistakes to avoid.We hope that this infographic will help inform you about the process, and illustrate why it is important to have an experienced partner by your side, every step of the way. Are you ready to begin your jour ney toward receiving SSD benefits?Before you start the process, check out the Disability Attorneys of Michigan SSD Process Infographic.We Can HelpIf you are disabled and unable to work, call Disability Attorneys of Michigan for a free confidential consultation. We’ll let you know if we can help you get a monthly check and help you determine if any money or assets you receive could impact your eligibility for disability benefits.Disability Attorneys of Michigan works hard every day helping the disabled of Michigan seek the Social Security Disability benefits they need. If you are unable to work due to a physical, mental, or cognitive impairment, call Disability Attorneys of Michigan now for a free consultation at 800-949- 2900.Let Michigan’s experienced disability law firm help you get the benefits you deserve.Disability Attorneys of Michigan, Compassionate Excellence. Michigan Social Security Disability, Michigan Social Security Disability Lawyers, Michigan SSD Lawyer, Social Security Disability Infographic, Social Security Disability Process

Prostitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Prostitution - Essay Example Yes, one believes that prostitution should be stopped because it ruins the morals and values of society. The presence of prostitution does not in any way uplift the society. It may provide jobs for poor and uneducated women but that should not be the kind of job that a country’s government should offer. Better alternatives must be given by government to these poor women. Furthermore, prostitution gives rise to health problems such as AIDS and other sexually-transmitted diseases. To endure the â€Å"pain† caused by the invasion to their bodies, some prostitutes resort to drugs and alcohol, which becomes another problem of society (Hughes, 1999). These problems may be prevented and minimized if prostitution is stopped. One does not believe that prostitution could ever be organized without resulting in the exploitation of women. The very essence of prostitution is exploitation of women. It is immoral and unethical. Even if it was legalized, women will still be considered as sex

Financial Status and Policy of ConocoPhillips Case Study

Financial Status and Policy of ConocoPhillips - Case Study Example Its refinement technology focuses on upgrading high-grade petroleum coke and removing sulfur. With approximately 32,700 employees in 40 countries, it has assets of $171 billion with core competencies in petroleum exploration, production, refining, supply, marketing and transportation as well as natural gas gathering and processing and chemicals and plastics production. The company has a 50 percent interest in Colorado-based natural gas liquid producer DCP Midstream, LLC and Texas-based petrochemical company Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC. This paper will provide an assessment of the existing company in terms of its current status, including stock trading and financial standing, and the issues that have significant effect on its performance. ConocoPhillips is actually the recent marriage between two pioneer oil companies in the US, Conoco Inc. and Phillips Petroleum Company. The two companies merged on August 30, 2002 amidst some speculation that the $15.5 Billion deal was a necessary move for the two contenders to avoid being out-competed by bigger petroleum companies. At the time of the merger, oil prices had taken a disastrous turn downward that threatened the survival of smaller gas companies. The merger was expected to save about $750 million in overhead costs, mostly based on planned downsizing of some of the combined roster of 58,000 employees. ("Analysts: Phillips-Conoco merge to survive," 2001) Isaac Elder Blake founded Conoco in November 25, 1875 as the Continental Oil and Transportation Co. that would bring in petroleum in bulk to the pioneers of Ogden, Utah, making it more affordable and convenient for individual use. In the course of operations, Blake developed new uses for petroleum including benzene, ready mixed paints, birthday candles and paraffin chewing wax, but the focus was more on gasoline for use in automobiles. Continental built the first filling station in the West in 1909. By 1913, Continental was the top petroleum marketer in the Rocky Mountain region and an attempt by Standard Oil to take over the company was rebuffed by order of the Supreme Court. In 1929, Continental Oil merged with Oklahoma-based Marland Oil because each company could benefit from each other's strengths, marketing know how from the former and supply of crude oil for the latter and was named Continental Oil Company, assets including 3,000 wells and retail outlets in 30 states. Conoco st ock began trading in the New York Stock Exchange in September 15, 1929, just in time for the stock market crash. The company survived only by drastically cutting overhead costs and expanding refinery capacity under the direction of Dan Moran. He was succeeded by Leonard F. McCollum who led Conoco overseas, acquiring oil fields in Dubai and retail acquisitions in Europe. He diversified the company to such an extent that by 1972 Conoco was worth more that $2.3 Billion in assets. On September 30, 1981, in the midst of political and economic ups and downs and a threatened hostile takeover, Conoco merged with DuPont, which resulted in the former becoming a wholly owned-subsidiary of the latter, until Conoco separated from Dupont in 1997 to become an independent oil company. ("Conoco History," 2005) It was in 1905 that the Philips brothers hit their first oil well, eventually

Community Needs Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Community Needs Assessment - Essay Example This literature review explores the meaning of community needs assessment and the different types of needs. It also highlights the data that is sought in CNA and the reasons behind seeking such information. The methods of data collection have been discussed, as well as the principles that underpin the steps involved in the process undertaking a CNA. Community needs assessment is an important strategy that aims at collecting data regarding a community’s requirements, views, and challenges as well as resources that can be applied to establish the actual needs of the community (Stevens et al. 2006). It is a way of identifying the strengths and assets available in the community that can facilitate satisfaction of the needs of all members of the society, whether young or old; working or jobless; able or disabled and any other aspects of diversity in the society. Acosta and Toro (2000) observe that community needs assessment concentrates on the community’s potential all citizens included, groups as well as organizations. It forms the basis for establishing and classifying services and justification as well as establishing a society that upholds and nurtures children and families. Stakeholders in the community such as NGOs, volunteers and any other parties affected by community affairs are involved in the process of comm unity needs assessment. The process enables planners to determine the manner in which a community is currently accomplishing its needs as well as its potential to provide capital and services in future (Alpi, 2005). There are various needs that the community needs assessment tries to establish. These include; the ability to meet the required standards of living. The employment rates within a particular community are an indicator of the people’s capacity to pay the cost of necessities in their day to day lives. Poverty is mainly a consequence of unemployment in the community. Employment is among the community needs

Manufacturing Processes Of Plastic Commerce Essay

Manufacturing Processes Of Plastic Commerce Essay Plastic is a major part of almost every industry imaginable. From food and beverage packaging, to childrens toys, to automotive applications, plastic is all around us. Plastic is a versatile material which can be used for many purposes depending on the specific properties. This report will explore the history of plastics, the manufacturing process, and what to expect from plastics in the future. For simplicity, we will look primarily at the two of the main types of plastics: high density polyethylene, HDPE, and polyethylene terephthalate, PET. These two types of plastic have been the stepping stones for other plastic discoveries and their properties attributed to the many bottle applications. There are different processes that correspond to each plastic type depending on the specifics of the end application. Quality control and quality assurance are vital to plastic companies. These departments provide the customer with the satisfaction of a well designed product, which is why it is so vitally important. There are other problems plastic companies face on a daily basis such as change-outs, direct printing, stopping time, and damaged goods. These problems are capable of setting a company back from profit, and there are solutions being made for each of these issues. Perhaps the biggest concern regarding the plastics industry today is about recycling and what is being done to reuse and conserve our natural resources and minimize the negative impact on the environment. Recycling needs to be faced head-on and the steps to reuse and minimize waste are explored in this paper. The History of Plastics Plastics have always been viewed in two different ways. On the one hand, some view plastics as one of the most useful materials ever made, but on the other hand some see plastics are artificial, toxic, and detrimental to the environment. Plastic is a material that is engineered by men and can be shaped into almost any desirable form. They were designed in order to replace prominent products with an inexpensive yet efficient substitute. For centuries people have used natural resins similar to plastic, but not until the mid-1800s, did the commercial development of plastics begin (Plastics 563). In 1862, the first man-made plastic was developed by Alexander Parkes. This plastic, known as Parkesine, was designed to be molded and yet retain its shape when cooled, in order to replace natural rubber (Masterson). Later in the decade John W. Hyatt developed a material to eliminate the need for ivory in the manufacturing of billiard balls. In 1870 the material was patented and named celluloid, and this was the first synthetic plastic to succeed commercially (Plastics 563). This plastic was a breakthrough, but did have a problem with being highly flammable. Other plastics would soon be invented to fix these problems and cover a wide variety of products. In 1909, Leo Baekeland patented a resin (a material made from acids) known as Bakelite which helped pave the way for the development of commercial plastics. Bakelite opened the door to scientists to begin to understand the chemistry of plastics (Plastics 564). All plastics belong to one of two groups, thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics. Thermosetting plastics are plastics that are heated but can only be molded once. Since we are covering the manufacturing of plastic bottles, we will not deal with this type of plastic. Bottles are commonly recycled, requiring the reformation of a plastic, which is the definition of thermoplastics. The thermoplastic we are most interested in is polyethylene (PE). Polyethylene was first produced in 1933 and used on radar systems during World War II to make them light enough for airplanes (Masterson). The rise of polyethylene continued after the war and became one of the most used plastics in the world. In 1953, high density polyethylene (HDPE) was invented by Karl Ziegler and Erhard Holzkamp and used in the production of pipes (Gabriel). However, this material didnt reach success until 1956 with the breakthrough of the Hula Hoop. The toy led to the high commercialization of HDPE being used in pipes, which revealed the materials usefulness in the making of other products such as detergent and baby bottles (Ceresana Research). Another form of PE which will be of interest is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) which was invented in 1941 by John Whinfield and James Dickson. PET was generally used in clothing but began to see more use in the manufacturing of bottles (Bellis). Not until the early 1970s did PET see use in plastic bottle manufacturing. Nathaniel Wyeth developed this bottle, by improving the method of manufacturing the bottle through blow molding. Blow molding was developed earlier in the 1940s but was inefficient because of inconsistent products. In 1973 Wyeth improved this method, leading to how bottles are currently made by stretch blow molding (Secrest). Plastics have evolved from a little known substance into materials completely facilitated in many areas of production. Although the first substantial invention was credited in 1862, the general public didnt use the word until the mid 1930s (Masterson). Currently, in 2010, plastics have woven their way into many facets of manufacturing and production, yet these innovative breakthroughs have also brought many new challenges. Plastics Types Plastics come with unique properties and colors. Their ability to be molded into nearly any shape while maintaining their strength at a low cost makes them an ideal material for many uses. From piping to bottles, plastic is a very common and highly useful material. Not every type of plastic can be applied in the same way as another type. Each type of plastic also has its own advantages and disadvantages. An example of the different characteristics of plastics can be seen when comparing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and high-density polyethylene. PVC is a type of plastic often found in piping materials while HDPE is a plastic that is often used in bottles containing materials such as detergent. PVC is very rigid and suited to applications requiring weathering resistance, inherent flame resistance, high gloss, abrasion resistance, and low cost (Bryce 129). HDPE, on the other hand, has a good balance of chemical resistance, low-temperature, impact strength, light weight, and low cost (Bryce 122). Both materials are useful in their own rights, but some plastics are much better than others at different tasks. Plastic bottles are generally made from three different types of plastic. HDPE is a material generally found in detergent bottles, such as Tide or Gain. PET is a plastic often found in drink bottles. Lastly, polypropylene is a plastic often found in clear bottles with small handles, such as a hand soap refill bottle. Each of these plastics has their advantages and disadvantages, which the industry is trying to overcome so that each plastic can be used more widely. HDPE HDPE is very commonly seen in colored, opaque plastic bottles. A large advantage of HDPE in bottle making is its ability to be layered. For example, Tropicana orange juice bottles are a multilayered, allowing the orange juice to stay fresh longer by keeping the outside environment from touching the juice contained inside. This layering process is not limited to just this bottle (Knueve). In Tide brand bottles, there are 3 layers. The outer layer is made of virgin material, HDPE that has never been used before, and the color. The middle layer contains PCR, post consumer recycle, and regrind, which is the reground excess flash that comes off other bottles. The inner layer, or the layer that touches the product is another layer of virgin material. This layering system allows the product to be stronger and also helps keep the product safer from the outside environment (Knueve). The main reason for layering however is to consume PCR and regrind while also maintaining a protective interface layer with the product. This can also allow the color (external) and internal layers to be much thinner. A typical detergent bottle is 15% outer, 65% middle and 20% inner (Hatch). If a material is sensitive to the outside environment or even oxygen, a six layer bottle is possible. Similar to the composition of the three layer bottle, the outside layer consists of the virgin material and the next layer is regrind. However, the next three layers is what helps give the bottle the protection to the environment. Most environmental barriers do not bind well with the HDPE, so an adhesive layer must be added to each side of the barrier layer. The inside adhesive layer is then attached to the sixth and final layer, which consists of virgin resin (Knueve). HDPE is a good material choice because it is a low cost plastic. Often made using a blow mold process, bottles made from high-density polyethylene often show very good performance during bottle drop tests, a test for impact strength. HDPE also shows high low temperature toughness along with excellent resistance to chemicals and good electrical insulating properties (Lee 190). HDPE, also has some disadvantages as well. Due to the nature of the material, it has low clarity. Also, the neck dimensions are less accurate than that compared to PET bottles because of the blow molding process (Knueve). PET PET is often found in carbonated drinking bottles, such as Mountain Dew or plastic water bottles. PET bottles are often formed in injection blow molding, as opposed to extrusion blow molding. This type of plastic incorporates stiffness and good heat tolerance (Bryce 120). PET bottles are also very clear. When compared to an HDPE bottle, such as a milk container, you can easily tell which bottle is made from which type of plastic. Due to the injection blow mold process PET have neck dimensions that are much more accurate. Lastly, after a bottle is blown, the temperature drops much faster due to PET having much thinner walls, allowing less cooling time during manufacturing (Knueve). This also increases the rate at which you can produce PET bottles when compared to HDPE bottles. PET also has its disadvantages. The biggest and most obvious problem is that you are unable to blow a handle into this type of plastic. This causes issues when bottles become increasingly large, such as gallon or larger sized containers. Recently, external handles have been produced which have created a solution to this problem .These external handles can be added during the injection blow mold process, or after the bottle has been blown. Examples of these types of bottles can be found in stores today on products such as Lipton Green Tea (Knueve). Polypropylene A third type of plastic used in bottles is polypropylene which is mainly used in bottle closures. Although not common in bottles, polypropylene can be found in products that resemble PET bottles, such as a hand soap bottle. A large advantage of this material is that it can resemble a PET bottle in its gloss and clarity, but can be formed with a handle (Knueve) using an extrusion blow molding process. Polypropylene also has good impact strength unless a low temperatures. Polypropylene bottles also have good chemical resistance, high abrasion resistance and high melt strength (Lee 194). These characteristics are very similar to that of HDPE, but in bottle drop tests, especially at low temperatures, a HDPE bottle will fare better and show more impact strength (Knueve). Each type of plastic has tradeoffs however. Although HDPE has more impact strength, it is very opaque and less shiny when compared to a polypropylene bottle. Plastic Bottle Creation The first common step in any bottle making process is extrusion. Extrusion is the process by which the plastic resin is mixed and melted. Similar to a meat mincer, plastic is fed from a hopper in certain predetermined quantities and is then melted. This process mixes plastic resin together to form a uniform mixture (Lee 103). Continuous Extrusion Blow Molding (Wheel) Extrusion blow molding is a very common technique in the creation of HDPE bottles. The process of forming the bottle in extrusion blow molding is a five step process. First, the plastic resin is melted in the extruder and mixed. This melted resin then enters a die which forms the melted plastic resin into a molten hollow tube know as a parison. The parison is then fed into a mold which clamps shut. A blow pin pierces the parison inside the mold in a section of the bottle known as flash and high pressure air is injected causing the plastic to spread throughout the mold taking on the shape of the inside of the mold. After some cooling time, the piece is ejected and the flash is trimmed (Hatch). A multilayered HDPE bottle is achieved through the use of multiple extruders each feeding into the same die forming a multilayered parison. The rotary wheel and shuttle system are the two most common types of continuous extrusion blow molding. In a wheel process only a single parison is formed. The molds are mounted to a wheel and rotate around at a slow speed. As they travel past the extruder, the mold closes, encasing the parison. With the wheel, at any given moment, the parison is being captured, a part is being molded, a molded part is being cooled and a cooled part is being removed (Lee 109). Two major disadvantage of the rotary system is the complexity and setup of the clamp mechanism and the inability to produce calibrated neck finishes (Lee 110). Later in the paper, we discuss how the speed of change outs is improving, allowing this type of technology to become more dominant. Continuous Extrusion Blow Molding (Shuttle) The shuttle system follows the same principles as the rotary system. However, the molds are kept on a track. Instead of one parison being produced, the shuttle technology produces as many parisons as there are molds (Hatch). When accepting the parison, the molds clamp when the molten tube reaches the proper length. This group of molds then moves quickly back to the blowing station after the parison is cut and a blow pin enters the mouth of the bottle forming the mouth of the bottle and then blowing the remainder of the parison into the mold cavity. Shuttle molds have a few distinct advantages over a wheel. The amount of flash produced in this method is much less because the parison length matches the bottle length. In a wheel method, the parison in-between the molds can vary because of the mold spacing around the wheel. Along with more efficient trim, a shuttle system creates a calibrated neck, where as a wheel system needs to have a separate process done to finish the neck of the bottle (Hatch). Injection Reheat Stretch Blow Molding Injection reheat stretch blow molding is often used for PET bottles. This technology is a two-step process. First, the molten resin is injected into a mold cavity which forms the threads, neck and body. This shape is then transferred to a different mold where it is expanded forming the shape of the bottle (Lee 124). The first step creates what is known as a preform. These preforms do not need to be used directly after they are formed. Using quartz lights, the preforms are re-heated until they are in a pliable state where a rod then stretches them downward while a blast of high pressure air expands the bottle into the shape of the mold (Lee 124). Significant engineering goes into the design of the preform. The plastic distribution in the final bottle is obtained through the plastic distribution in the preform as well as selectively reheating the preform. The hotter areas after reheating will flow more producing thinner areas. Through the combination of preform design and reheating you can redistribute plastic to areas of the bottle that need extra strength and thin out areas of the bottle dont need the added strength. Typically the shoulder and base of the bottle have thicker areas to produce a bottle that can carry sufficient top load (Hatch). Injection stretch blow molding This process is normally considered a one step process because the preforms are produced in groups equivalent to the number of molds. This process is intermittent so instead of the preforms being manufactured and stored for later use the preforms are produced within the bottle blower. This technology is much slower that the process described above but has several inherent benefits. The first benefit is that you can produce wide mouth containers without concern for the injection mold efficiencies. In normal injection blow molding operations, the bottles have a smaller neck and some machines can create up to 144 preforms at one time. However, with a wider mouth bottle, there is less room to make each preform. Therefore, creating preforms to use at a later time, which is the reheat stretch blow process, it is much more efficient to blow directly after forming the preform. Secondly, because of the slower blowing speed this technology is well suited for smaller volume products where produ ction better matches the demand (Hatch). Quality Assurance Quality Control The traditional way to ensure that the customer received an error free product is quality control testing. In this process the products that are already manufactured undergo certain tests to determine whether or not the products meet the standards required. It is common in manufacturing that only a sampling of the products are tested not every individual item. In some facilities it would not be economical or efficient to test every single item so random samples must be used (Kalpakjian 1073). An example of a quality control test in the manufacturing of plastic bottles is to verify the thickness of the bottle walls at various locations. It would be difficult to measure the thickness at all locations using a caliper so an alternative is to slice the bottle into sections. The sections are cut using hot wires to ensure a clean cut and the bottle is always located in the same position in order to make sure the resulting sections are always the same. The sections are then weighed and compa red with standard values to ensure that the plastic is spreading appropriately throughout the mold (Knueve). It is not expected that all sections would weigh the same since specific areas need to be stronger than others such bottle shoulder or bases. Automated inspection is another process that is very prevalent in the manufacturing of products. Sensor systems are designed that measure relevant parameters of the products as they proceed through the production line. Since the products are inspected during the manufacturing process any defective ones can be removed before they reach another manufacturing process (Kalpakjian 1070). The advantage to this is that time is not wasted performing another process on an item that has already been deemed unacceptable. A problem with this process of quality control is that there is always the chance that defective products could reach the customer. Leak Tester Plastipak employs multiple quality control stations throughout their HDPE production lines to ensure that all the products that reach the consumer are of the highest quality. The main purpose of a bottle is to contain a liquid so naturally one of the most important tests along the production line is the leakage test. The bottles will be used to contain liquids but it would not be efficient to take the time to fill the bottles to capacity, ensure there are no leaks, and drain them. Also that method could lead to potential contamination and the need to completely dry the internal surface of the bottle. The solution to this method is to test for leaks with air pressure. There are multiple nozzle heads at this station and a revolving loop is incorporated into the production line at this station. When the bottle reaches this station an air tight nozzle is applied to the opening of the bottle and air is pumped into the bottle until it reaches a certain pressure (Knueve). The revolving loop allows multiple bottles to be tested at one time to ensure production is not slowed. The bottle then proceeds through the loop and if the pressure holds the bottle proceeds down the production line. If the bottle does not hold the specified pressure the bottle is taken off the line after it exits the test station by a burst of air from a nozzle locate on the side of the production line (Hatch). In order to ensure that this quality control station is functioning properly it is periodically challenged. Plastipak originally created calibrated bottles by drilling a small hole in the bottle. They recognized that not only does this create a waste of material but also leads to the chance that if the test machine is not functioning properly a defective bottle would reach the customer. The solution to this problem was to modify the machine by creating a leak of pressure (Knueve). When the test station is going to be challenged a solenoid is adjusted so that it leaks air which creates the dr op in pressure which in turn triggers the rejection of the bottle after it exits the loop. After the challenging of the test station is complete the bottles that were rejected while the solenoid was leaking can be run through the test station again eliminating the unnecessary waste of materials or risk of the challenge bottles being shipped to the customer (Knueve). Label Checker Another quality control station on the production line ensures that the labels are correct and in the right position. As the bottles travel down the line they pass through a device that takes an image of the bottle with the label on it. The software in the station is designed to recognize that specific portions of the label are orientated at specific locations on the bottle (Knueve). Once again if the bottle does not pass this test an air nozzle is located where the bottles exit the station and a burst of air is used to remove the bottle from the line. Much like the leak test station the label verifier must be challenged in order to ensure that it is functioning properly. Some defective label bottles are purposely sent down the production lines when the system is being challenged. Some examples that would be rejected are bottles with no label, skewed label, or the wrong label (Knueve). At Plastipak the tolerances are set so low that often the few bottles rejected in this station woul d still meet the standards set forth by the customer (Hatch). Spout Verifier There are certain bottles that are manufactured at Plastipak that require exterior pouring spouts attached to them. The bottles travel down the production and the spouts are secured to the bottles with an adhesive (Knueve). The spouts must be orientated in a certain direction to allow the bottle to be poured properly. A test station is situated immediately after these spouts are applied. There are many sensors located at this station to ensure that the spout will function properly. One of the sensors monitors the temperature of the spouts before they are placed on the bottle because if they are not at the correct temperature it will not seal correctly (Hatch). Immediately after the spout is placed on the bottle there is another set of sensors to ensure it was attached correctly. Two sensors located at specific locations measure to make sure the spout is orientated in the correct plane. A third sensor at the same location is used to make sure there are no gaps between the bottle and t he spout (Hatch). Finally there is a sensor that verifies the spout is the correct color. When Plastipak challenges this station they purposely send bottles through the station with spouts not positioned correctly or no spouts at all (Knueve). They also send bottles with the wrong color spout down the production line. The color recognition sensor is critical because they do not manufacture the spouts (Knueve). Process Control An alternative to a quality control system is quality process control (Quality Assurance). In a quality process control method the focus is shifted from the items produced to the processes that make the items. If the process can be fine-tuned to produce exactly the same product consistently and correctly there would be no need to check that it is to specifications and defect free. In an ideal world the production lines could be set once to produce a perfect product not only today but two years later. The reality is that things such as equipment failures, variations in the material, or unauthorized adjustments among other things could lead to the production of defective items (Gordon 424). The solution to this problem is that the processes must be monitored to ensure they are being performed within acceptable limitations. All of the monitoring systems can be networked that allows management to easily observe whether or not the processes are being performed correctly which in turn tell s them high quality products are being produced (Gordon 286). The system also has the ability to alert the operators when a process is not being performed correctly and in some cases actually shut down the production line if necessary (Gordon 287). The temperature of the resin right before the bottle is formed is an example of a key process that could be monitored. The obvious problem is that the products produced while the temperature is decreased more than likely will be defective. Another potential problem is that it could damage the molds and machinery further down the production line. If the company relied on the old method it would take the operator recognizing the error or it reaching a quality control station further down the line which would still require someone to recognize the problem and take action. In the new process control system the temperature drop could be easily detected by a thermometer and the line could automatically be shut down before a catastrophic failure. The quality process system would enable the company to streamline their production lines. Streamlining is eliminating as many activities from the production process that do not add value to the product. While the quality control checks are necessar y in situations; they do nothing to add more value to the product. Quality Assurance In the system of quality processes the quality checks that you perform actually turn into quality assurance. Since the process is being monitored to ensure correct items are being produced all quality tests that are being performed through the production line are more out of a need of assurance compared to necessity (Hatch). The question is then posed why are the production line inspections still necessary if in theory every item produced in this system is defect free. The reality is there will always be a minute amount of variation in the products being produced. The variation could be from a range of things for example quality of incoming material or wear on the machines being used (Kalpakjian 1073). There are a multitude of benefits from putting the quality into the processes instead of waiting until the product is manufactured to be concerned with quality. In the manufacturing of plastic bottles it will eliminate the amount of scrap and waste materials produced (Hatch). Also it w ill increase the reliability of the machines which improves efficiency that naturally leads to more profit. Most importantly quality process control will lead to an increase in satisfied customers (Gordon 573). Plastipak Usage Plastipak created a system that integrates all of their process control methods into a single entity. When they first began developing the system their core goals were to simply obtain a count of the bottles produced and the amount of downtime (Knueve). Plastipak realized that there was the potential to go a step further and monitor individual processes within the production line. A computer system was developed that allows management to view the status and performance of many different components of the production from any computer with internet access. The system also has an automated email system that alerts the appropriate management positions when significant malfunctions occur or there is a period of extended downtime (Knueve). A few examples of processes that are monitored are air pressure, water temperature, plastic temperature, downtime frequency and length, and reject count at different steps (Knueve). The different test stations described earlier at Plastipak now are a mea ns of assurance since the products produced meet the required specifications. Recycling The introduction of plastics into manufacturing and production has brought about a disposal problem. Being so successful, PET has attributed to this problem greatly. Since a large number of bottles are being produced, once used up these bottles create large amounts of waste because most plastics do not readily break down. These products usually were thrown away, but because of environmental concerns, active solutions were sought out. Recycling is one of the most pertinent actions taken to decrease the amount of waste created by plastic. It is a process designed to recover and reuse material, which helps conserve raw materials and keeps those materials out of landfills (Recycling 184). Instead of throwing away the bottles, people instead are encouraged to recycle them, in which case the bottles will make be used again in the manufacturing process of the same or other products. There are typically two types of recycled material used by industries: materials that have been used by consu mers and waste materials from the production process. However both of these materials can be reused in the production process in much of the same manner. These materials are usually separated by type and then broken down in different ways for reuse. Thermoplastics are re-melted and reformed into new products, or new bottles. Thermosetting plastics are usually grounded into powders or shredded, in which these are used for other products such as insulators in clothing (Recycling 184). Recycled PET was used in many other products until 1991, when the first PET bottle was made from recycled PET. This bottle was made by Coca-Cola and Hoechst Celanese Corporation and consisted of 25% recycled PET (Secrest). This paved the way for other measures taken to increase the efficiency of recycling plastics. The Process The process of recycling PET and HDPE products has been refined and engineered to get the most use out of recycled products. Typically the process is as follows: 1. All of the recycled products and waste are collected together and sent into large bales. 2. The bales are shipped to where a bale breaker which rips apart the bales. 3. The bottles are sorted by resin and color. 4. These are shredded into tiny flakes. 5. The flakes are cleaned and melted. 6. The plastic is extruded into pellets which are used in the process of forming new plastics. This completes the process of reusing the recycled plastic, where the cycle starts over for the manufacturing of plastic products (How Plastic Bottles Are Recycled). Unfortunately, recycled PET encounters problems for the manufacturing process. Although the cycle is an advantage for the environment and limiting waste, recycled PET is typically more expensive to use and has lower quality than virgin PET. Recycled PET also is regulated by the FDA which creates more restrictions (Koester). Although it would be environmentally friendly to use more recycled material in each product, it is not the most efficient decision because there are limitations involved. One reason is that the recycled material is generally more expensive. The curbside programs designed to recycle materials are not available everywhere and completely adequate. If these programs could be improved then the materials price may decrease and the quantity may increase. Also, the product needs to have a balance of ingredients, because there are limitations to the amount of each ingredient. If a bottle was

Analysis of Richard Adams Watership Down Essay -- Watership Down Rich

Analysis of Richard Adams' Watership Down Richard Adams novel, Watership Down, is the account of a group of rabbits trip to search out a new location to inhabit. After escaping the Sandleford Warren because of one rabbit’s instincts, nearly a dozen rabbits cross virgin country. Along the way, they run across a few other warrens. These places exhibit a completely different way of living to the fleeing group. What they learn is vital when they develop their own warren. From these places they manage to collect some rabbits to increase their size once they reach a resting point at their final destination. Each of the places they encounter is set up differently. These warrens contain a distinct and unique social system, belief and leadership role. Sandleford warren is the first location presented in the story. An Owsla, or group of strong and clever rabbits exercising the Chief Rabbit’s authority, governs the warren. The Owsla is rather military in character. When one of the rabbits, Fiver, comes across some prized Cowslip, the Owsla hurry over to confiscate it for themselves, saying, â€Å"Cowslips are for Owsla- don’t you know that? If you don’t, we can easily teach you† (Adams 14). The Chief Rabbit of Sandleford, Threarah, gained his position by strength, level-headedness, and a certain self-contained detachment. He resisted all ideas of mass emigration and enforced the complete isolation of the warren. The rabbits leave their warren in search of a new home not only because they believe Fiver when he tells them that something bad will happen to the warren, but also because the think they can make a better home somewhere else (Adams 24). The very moment that Hazel and the other rabbits encounter Cowslip’s warren, they realize there is something unnatural about the rabbits. They have no fear of other things, appeared detached and bored, unusually groomed, and gave off a particular scent. Also, not one particular rabbit is considered a leader. They cannot really have a leader because no one can offer them protection from the dangers they face. The mystery behind this warren is that a human controls it. He shoots all the enemy animals in the area, puts out good food for the rabbits, and then snares them for their meat and skin (Adams 122-3). The rabbits are aware of the snares, but choose to pretend life is okay, because they cannot escape their inevitable death... ...is chosen by the people and acts according to the will of the people. Watership Down thrived in the end, with Hazel basking on the bank and counting the blessings of their warren (Adams 395). Throughout the novel Watership Down, Hazel and his group experience a diverse assortment of warrens. Each warren contrasted the others with their leadership, social system, and beliefs. In the view of the author and many readers, Watership Down was the â€Å"best† of the locations. But if the story were to be written in a different point of view, such as that of Cowslip or Woundwort, how would the reaction be different? They could be portrayed as the poor, misfortunate rabbit. It could change the entire theme of the book. This is the case in the novel All Quiet On the Western Front, where the reader sympathizes towards the German troops during the first world war. If the story were to be written in the vision of Cowslip or Woundwort, would the reader view them as the protagonist because of their acceptance or leadership, and Hazel as the antagonist because of his attempt to be different and change the method? Work Cited Adams, Richard. Watership Down. Rex Collings, Ltd.: New York, 1972.

Victory speech

Good evening America†¦. I stand here before you, overwhelmed by the final verdict of our unique nation. I, Paris Hilton am the first female candidate to have won the position of Presidency in this great country of ours. I have achieved the unthinkable! Once again, America has demonstrated her ability to be different. While, I know, the pressure I expect to face in the coming years will be a lot, I promise that I will deliver on the trust and faith all of you have reposed in me. The Democrats have always striven hard to win and I symbolize them and thank them for the support they have given me. The last President, Barack Obama, America's first African-American President, as some of us here know, has given me support throughout my campaign. I thank him for this†¦ My fellow Americans, I promise you that I will bring success but not without some hiccups. BE STRONG and TRUST me, for those who do not, in time I will hopefully prove to you that I am the right person to burden all these responsibilities on. I believe that a country should be run and managed just like we American women manage our houses – orderly, neat, clean and well planned. I want to make changes in our internal policies to ensure that this understanding of mine is effectively executed. The revenue department also should be run the way I run my household budgets – Americans, we must learn to spend only what we earn – this is the only answer to our deficit balance of payments problem. The White House has been standing for the last two centuries and for the first time in its history; I am going to use my redecoration budget on the out side rather than the inside. I plan to make a historical change. I have decided, as some of you know, that the White House is going to be painted pink. Many people will object but please do understand that this is necessary. It is befitting for a woman President to create the correct ambience for all the people who visit her. My father and mother tried to discourage me in the beginning but seeing my determination supported me through thick and thin. Thank you dad, thank you mom, I hope I don't let you down now. I promise I will behave this time. I would like to thank Michelle, my designer for the outstanding evening gowns that she created. The dresses went a long way in attracting big crowds. People were curious to see how I would look at every event. The media was fantastic in portraying my pictures in the best light. The swimsuits that I auctioned helped me get money for my campaign. I must also thank Diana, my hair stylist for her unstinting support. The new styles she created were ones that the public personally adored. Their hard work has paid off and helped me win this hard-fought campaign Throughout my campaign all 17 of my dogs travelled with me across this vast nation. There were many difficulties they faced but they did not falter even once. They ate what was given to them and never complained about lack of sleep or comfort. Without them, I could never have fought so long or so strong. This brings me to the pet licensing policy and one of the first things to address is that an American will be allowed to keep a maximum of twenty animals in the house, without a licence. Before I started campaigning I had acted in some movies and none of them were great hits. Therefore another policy that I have decided to make is that every movie I act in must run in every theatre tax-free everyday. This must continue for one month†¦ I will not endorse anybody driving under the influence of alcohol because after the experience of being in jail for drunken driving, I realise that it is no fun. Teenagers and adults – listen to your President – don't drink and drive. However, this experience has not gone in vain. I appreciate the problems prisoners face in jail. The inmate's orange clothing is poorly designed. It made me look fat and clashed horribly with my hair. I hope during my term as President, I can address some of these issues. I propose to invite some of the world's top designers to suggest new designs for the inmate's clothing. A lot of people wondered why a successful fashion socialite and struggling singer like myself should run for the office of the nation's President. I would like to take this opportunity to explain one of the most important reasons for this decision. Most of you know that I have grown up in the lap of luxury and have never had to work for a living. However, some months ago, my grandfather decided to pledge his wealth to charity. My Porsche, BMW and Mercedes were repossessed. I was even evicted from my Fifth Avenue apartment in New York. This is why I had to stand for elections – to earn the salary that the President is paid with free accommodation and transportation thrown in. Come, my countrymen and join me to create a new page in history. Let us all work together in harmony to create a more fashionable and enjoyable TOMORROW. And for tonight†¦. LET†S PARTY!!

Free Essays on Flame Heart

. The descriptions in ‘Flame-Heart’ illuminate the type of landscape McKay would have seen in his youth. A semi-tropical place overflowing with fruit and flowers. ‘What time the apples come to juice, and what month brings the shy forget-me-not,’ expresses in detail two features now absent from his life. Several time’s the ‘poinsettia’s blood red in warm December’ is mentioned. This is the one thing the author recalls clearly and can not forget. Everything else in his mind is blurred together, like some lovely painting, but he can’t forget the poinsettias. It seems as if this memory opens up others, which he has stored in the back of his mind. Memories about his days as a schoolboy come back to ... Free Essays on Flame Heart Free Essays on Flame Heart In his poem, ‘Flame-Heart‘, Claude McKay expresses his longing for his homeland in a romantic fashion with non-racial themes. He uses vivid descriptions to show a great love of his home, Jamaica, conveying it’s loveliness. Rhyme scheme and stylized nature also play a role in McKay’s highly reminiscent work. ‘Flame-Heart’ is a poem in the traditional romantic style, resembling the works of Shelley and Wordsworth in its fashion. Serving as a sort of introduction, the first stanza is free flowing and lovely in its descriptions. ’Purple Apples’, ’doves brown the fields,’ ’poinsettia’s red’ and other such descriptions permeate the poem almost to the point of painting it with color. The portrayals of every faucet of his youth are romanticized, from skipping school to the flight of birds. Words such as ’sweet,’ ’fling,’ and ’innocent’ romanticize the work, softening the descriptions used so prevalently. The rhyme scheme of the poem is a-b-a-b nearly throughout the entire second stanza, which is loosely styled as a sonnet. The last two lines end in a couplet using ‘remember’ and ‘December.’ Throughout McKay’s entire work, his homeland is pictured in th e richest of words. The descriptions in ‘Flame-Heart’ illuminate the type of landscape McKay would have seen in his youth. A semi-tropical place overflowing with fruit and flowers. ‘What time the apples come to juice, and what month brings the shy forget-me-not,’ expresses in detail two features now absent from his life. Several time’s the ‘poinsettia’s blood red in warm December’ is mentioned. This is the one thing the author recalls clearly and can not forget. Everything else in his mind is blurred together, like some lovely painting, but he can’t forget the poinsettias. It seems as if this memory opens up others, which he has stored in the back of his mind. Memories about his days as a schoolboy come back to ...

The monster and Victor Essay Example

The monster and Victor Essay Example The monster and Victor Essay The monster and Victor Essay Essay Topic: A Woman Killed With Kindness Throughout the novel it becomes apparent the Frankenstein is a morally weak person. His creation kills Frankensteins younger brother, William, and Justine Moritz, a young girl adopted into the Frankenstein household, is blamed for the murder. Although Frankenstein knows Justine is innocent, he doesnt come forward because he fears no one would believe him. His courage does not match his arrogance and his grandiose ideas of himself. He might feel bad that Justine would have to hang, but he isnt brave enough to do anything about it. I was firmly convinced in my own mind that Justine, and indeed every human being, was guiltless of this murder. p. 62 Towards the end of the novel, many changes, somewhat ironic, become apparent. Firstly is the transformation of Victor Frankenstein from a happy, innocent and bright little boy with a loving family and a contented childhood to a guilt-ridden man, obsessed by his work. He becomes despondent, and at times suicidal, not to mention homicidal. By the end of the novel Frankenstein is ill beyond cure and so traumatised from his lifelong battle with his creation that he has little strength to recount his tale to a his friend, Robert Walton. The Monster has murdered most of his family, and those left of his family are distant from him. Another ironic change to Frankenstein is that at the start of the novel he is so obsessed with the creation of a super human being that he gives up everything else in his life to focus on this work. Then, through the rest of the novel, Frankenstein becomes possessed with destroying his creation, because of the wrong it has done to him. Although Frankenstein realises that he has made a mistake, and regrets bringing the being to life and recognising that he has ventured beyond the acceptable boundaries of science, by the end of the novel, when he is with his friend Walton on a boat in the Arctic, hunting down the monster, he urges them forward even though they will probably die, showing that he never really learned his lesson that sometimes there is point when you should stop, even if it is possible to go on. This ice is not made of such stuff as your hearts may be; it is mutable and cannot withstand you if you say that it shall not. p. 164 In contrast, his friend Walton is more sensible and concerned about the lives of the seamen and does not want to go on. Alas! yes; I cannot withstand their demands. I cannot lead them unwillingly to danger, and I must return p. 165 He is taking responsibility for his crew; something that Frankenstein could never to do. Walton learns that you have to consider other peoples lives and feelings before trying to achieve your own goal. Throughout the novel, Frankenstein hardly ever thinks about other peoples feelings, whether it is his creation, his father, Justine, or Walton and his crew. Frankensteins Creation The second main character of the story is Frankensteins creation. His creation is also a complex character and it is through him that Shelley deals with issues of identity, prejudice and responsibility. Frankenstein doesnt give his creation a name, something that denies the Monster an identity. This implies that the Monster is not unique or an individual, which at first denies him a real existence. Frankenstein calls the creature various names such as It showing he doesnt regard the creation as having a soul, Monster, Wretch which are both derogatory terms implying monstrosity and Daemon implying he is naturally evil or even possessed by an evil spirit. Ultimately, Frankenstein implies that the being belongs in Hell. From this, the Monster starts to believe he truly is a fiend and actually a fallen angel but refuses to accept that it is his own fault and warns Frankenstein to take responsibility for his actions. One night the creature takes refuge in a small hovel adjacent to a cottage. In the morning, he discovers that he can see into the cottage through a crack in the wall. Observing his neighbours for an extended period of time, the monster notices that they often seem unhappy, though he is unsure why. He eventually realizes, however, that their despair results from their poverty, to which he has been contributing by surreptitiously stealing their food. Torn by his guilty conscience, he stops stealing their food and does what he can to reduce their hardship, gathering wood at night to leave at the door for their use. Vowing to learn their language he acquires a basic knowledge of the language, including the names of the young man and woman, Felix and Agatha. Unobserved and well protected from the elements, he grows increasingly affectionate toward his unwitting hosts. The monsters growing understanding of the social significance of family is connected to his sense of otherness and solitude. The cottagers devotion to each other underscores Victors total abandonment of the monster; ironically, observing their kindness actually causes the monster to suffer, as he realizes how truly alone, and how far from being the recipient of such kindness, he is. This lack of interaction with others, in addition to his namelessness, compounds the monsters woeful lack of social identity. Formerly a mysterious, grotesque, completely physical being, the monster gradually becomes a verbal, emotional, sensitive, almost human figure that communicates his past to his creator, Victor Frankenstein in eloquent and moving terms. But, far from seeing the monsters humanity beneath his grotesque appearance Victor just fears him more. Before, it was the monsters physical strength, endurance, and apparent ill will that made him such a threat; now, it is his intellect. The monster clearly understands his position in the world, the tragedy of his existence and abandonment by his creator, and is out to seek either redress or revenge. For the first time, Victor starts to realize that what he has created is not merely the scientific product of an experiment on dead matter but an actual living being with needs and wants. While Victor curses the monster as a demon, the monster responds to Victors coarseness with surprising sensitivity, proving him an educated, emotional, exquisitely human being. For the reader, whose experience with the monsters ugliness is second-hand, it is easy to identify the human sensitivity within him and sympathize with his plight, especially in light of Victors relentless contempt for him. The gap between the monster and Victor, and between the monster and human beings in general, is thus narrowed. One of the ways in which the monster demonstrates his eloquence is by alluding to John Miltons Paradise Lost, one of the books he reads while living in the peasants hovel. The first of these allusions occurs in these chapters, when the monster tries to convince Victor to listen to his story. He entreats Victor: Remember, that I am thy creature: I ought to be thy Adam; but I am rather the fallen angel. P. 73 By comparing Victor to God, the monster heaps responsibility for his evil actions upon Victor, scolding him for his neglectful failure to provide a nourishing environment. In this part of the novel, the Monster starts to question his own existence, after reading work of literature. This shows he is now intelligent and philosophical. In contrast to this, Frankenstein takes life for granted. Without a real identity, the Monster needs more information about himself. He is self-aware, which is the main quality that separates the Monster from animals. This is unlike Frankenstein who has little self-awareness. My person was hideous and my stature gigantic. What did this mean? Who was I? What was I? Whence did I come? What was my destination? These questions continually recurred, but I was unable to solve them. P. 99 The Monster also questions why humans are always the victimised ones, and why he is always the perpetrator. He is bemoaning mans narrow-mindedness and injustice. While everyone else has rejected and committed crimes against him, he is still the one to be prosecuted. He then talks of the innocent people he has killed, and begins to feel remorse for his deeds: You hate me; but your abhorrence cannot equal that with which I regard myself This shows his guilt for what he has done, in contrast with Frankenstein who never seems to learn his lesson and never shows remorse. The Monster requests a partner from Frankenstein, a basic request and a basic counterbalance to the immense loneliness the Monster feels. What I ask of you is reasonable and moderate; I demand a creature of another sex and it shall content me. Oh! my creator, make me happy do not deny me my request! This shows the Monster is very realistic compared to Frankenstein and also that he desires someone that will accept him for who/what he really is. This is compared to Frankensteins ideas which are God-like in proportion. Through out the novel the two main characters take on reversed roles. The monster starts to hate Victor because he has no one to relate to and so tries to make Victor feel the pain of his loneliness and so kills anyone close to Victor, finally killing Victors new wife and indirectly Victors father, who dies a few days later, of the shock. Like the monster, Frankenstein finds himself utterly alone in the world, but instead of pity for his creation, he just feels hatred and with his hatred he soon takes on very inhumanity of which he accuses the monster. He becomes very ill by his worry and obsession and follows the monster to the barren Arctic north to track him down to murder him, just as the monster has murdered his loved ones. There he meets his friend Walton who helps him search for the monster. They become trapped in ice and Victor, knowing that he is near death, urges his friend Walton to carry on their search. Frankenstein dies and Walton finds the monster crying over his creator. The monster tells Walton of his sufferings and how he regrets killing people and now that his creator is dead, the only person he ever related to, he, too, is ready to die so he leaves for the Northern ice. This open ending leaves the questions in the mind of the reader to ponder. 1) Through the character of Victor Frankenstein, we are invited to ask what makes us human and what are our limits. 2) Through the character of the monster, we are left asking, was he Adam or Satan? Was he a victim or a criminal? And so what does it mean to be human?

Financial Analysis - residual earnings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial Analysis - residual earnings - Essay Example Pinto (2010) explains that one of the drivers of residual earnings is book value growth. Residual earnings depend on the growth in the value of the invested assets in the business. When investment is made in a business, the invested resources then start to produce earnings. With a well growing business, the investments will produce more earnings which then lead to the increased book value of the capital beyond the expected returns (Wahlen, et al 2010). This then delivers the residual earnings. Return on common equity also is a driver of residual returns. The general returns that a business earns excess of the shareholders equity is what defines the residual earnings (Easton, 2009). When these returns therefore exceed the returns on capital that the business set to achieve, it delivers residual earnings. However, critical analysis shows that return on capital is the same as residual earnings. Diebold, F. X., Doherty, N. A., & Herring, R. 2012. The known, the unknown, and the unknowable in financial risk management: Measurement and theory advancing practice. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University

Constructing a Sales Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Constructing a Sales Plan - Essay Example Known to bridge the gap between a mobile phone and a PC, the technology is aimed at being pre-programmed into smart phones in collaboration with the manufacturers (A, 2013). Thus, the first step of the sales plan would be to pitch these cellphone manufacturers the utility of picdeck and how it can help them boost sales. After the segment and target market has been identified, a Sales Plan has to be derived to give direction to the overall marketing plan. A sales plan identifies the mediums, through which sales can be generated, the volume of sales that has to be achieved in specified period of time and other sales related details that enable the organization, Ontella in our case, to communicate these to the sales staff. Effective communications of these sales objectives provide clarity to the people regarding the aims of their efforts, in turn increasing the chances of success. In the smart age of today, speed and efficiency has become the core need of every human being. With the advent of camera phones, the transfer of pictures and videos has become a routine rather than a trend. Whether it is a teenage girl showing off her freshly brought dress to her best friend or a real estate agent showing the client an interior of the house, pictures have become the new and clearer form of communication. Currently requiring the use of a data cable or an internet facility to transfer pictures, PicDeck offers superior customer value through making this transfer wireless, easy and instantaneous. This market gap between customer expectation and satisfaction was identified by Ontella in order to come up with PicDeck. For example, there is a middle aged mother of teenage children who uses a digital camera to capture and store memories from her children’s life may they be birthdays, award ceremony, first bike ride etc. this woman finds gadgets a hassle and seeks